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Impaka zabaye nyinshi mu banyarwanda by’umwihariko abakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga nyuma y’aho Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda ishyikirijwe Umushinga w’Itegeko ritanga uburenganzira bwo kuboneza urubyaro ku bangavu n’ingimbi guhera ku myaka 15.
Iri tegeko ryasesenguwe n’abagize Inteko Rusange y’Umutwe w’Abadepite tariki ya 17 Ukwakira 2022, aho muri bo abagera kuri 30 batoye umwanzuro w’uko badashyigikiye uwo mushinga.
Abadepite banze kwemeza ishingiro ry’uwo mushinga, babishingiye ku kuba ari itegeko ryibanda cyane ku gukumira ingaruka z’ikibazo aho gukumira ikibazo ubwacyo.
Depite Bugingo Emmanuel agira ati “Harashyirwaho itegeko rikemura ikibazo mu ruhande rumwe aho umuryango wananiwe gufata abana. twananiwe gufata abana baraducika, ese ingamba zihari kugira ngo inzego zitandukanye ari umuryango ubwabo nk’igihugu gifite abana bangana kuriya, minisiteri zibifite mu nshingano ndetse habe n’ubukangurambaga bwo gukumira.”
Depite Mukabunani Christine we agira ati ‘‘Ikindi ni uko igihe twaganiraga n’abatanga serivisi z’ubuzima, twagaragazaga ko n’abantu bakuru iyo bagiye gufata iriya miti yo kuboneza urubyaro, haracyarimo ikibazo.”
Depite Barikana Eugène nawe agira ati “U Rwanda ni igihugu gifite ibikiranga, cyemera Imana, ndetse amategeko yacu menshi yaje anashingira kuri ibyo maze kuvuga. Iyo tugeze mu gufata icyemezo, umwana w’imyaka 15 murumva ko yitwa umwana.”
Yakomeje avuga ko Mu yandi mategeko dufite imyaka y’ubukure aho uwo mwana ashobora gufata icyemezo cyaba icyo gukora cyangwa gushaka hari amategeko dufite abigena.
Abahanga basobanura ko ubuzima bw’imyororokere ari ukubaho uzi imiterere y’umubiri wawe mu bijyanye n’igitsina, uko gikoreshwa n’ibindi bijyanye. Itegeko rigenga ubuzima bw’imyororokere, rikoreshwa kugeza ubu ryasohotse mu 2016, ndetse kuri ubu umushinga w’itegeko wari washyikirijwe inteko ni uwo kurivugurura.
Ni ukuvuga ko hashize imyaka itandatu iryo tegeko ariryo rigenderwaho ariko nka nyuma yaryo hasohotse irigenga umuryango rivugurura iryari risanzweho ry’uko kugira ngo habeho kubyara atari ngombwa ko umugore n’umugabo baryamana kuko bashobora no kubyara bikozwe na muganga, habayeho guhuza intanga zabo.
Mu kiganiro na Oasis Gazette, Impuguke mu buzima n’imibereho y’abaturage, Dr Mporanyi Theobald yavuze ko bikwiye ko abakiri bato bagira amakuru ku buzima bw’imyororokere kuko byagaragaye ko bishobora kubafasha mu kwirinda.
Mporanyi avuga kandi ko amakuru n’ubushakashatsi byagaragaje ko abangavu bari munsi y’imyaka 18 hari amakuru badafite ku buzima bw’imyororokere kandi bagombaga kuba barayahawe n’ababyeyi babo cyangwa aho biga ku mashuri.
Dr Mporanyi asoza avuga ko iri tegeko ryumviswe nabi kubera ko kuba abangavu bagira amakuru bitandukanye no kuboneza urubyaro cyane ko mu Rwanda kuboneza urubyaro bikorwa ku bushake atari itegeko.
Umuryango Nyarwanda uteza imbere Ubuzima n’Uburenganzira bwa muntu, Health Development Initiative (HDI), ugaragaza ko abangavu bakwiye kuba bahabwa amakuru kuri serivisi z’ubuzima bw’imyororokere ndetse bakaba banazihabwa mu gihe bibaye ngombwa.
Ni ibintu HDI ishingira ku mibare y’abangavu baterwa inda aho mu 2017, abangavu batewe inda bari 17.331, umubare wazamutse cyane mu myaka yakurikiyeho bagera ku 23.622 mu 2019 mu gihe mu 2020 wageze ku bihumbi 18, bigeze mu 2021 baba ibihumbi 23.
Umuyobozi wa HDI, Dr. Aflodis Kagaba agira ati “Ni ikibazo kubera ko iyo urebye ibihumbi hafi 20 by’abangavu baterwa inda, umuntu abashije kugabanyaho nkeya agakumira, cyane cyane ko ubuzima bwa bariya bana b’abakobwa buhita buhinduka iyo bahuye n’icyo kibazo, bakava mu ishuri. iyo urebye izo ngaruka zose , ikintu cyose umuntu yakora akabasha gukumira cyaba ari cyiza cyane.”
Dr Kagaba avuga kandi ko intambwe Abadepite bari bateye yo kuvugurura iri tegeko, abangavu bagahabwa serivisi z’ubuzima bw’imyororokere, ari nziza kandi ikwiriye gushyigikirwa, ibiganiro bigakomeza.
Icyakora asanga gushyiraho ko bagomba kubanza kubona uburenganzira bw’ababyeyi bishobora kuba amananiza kandi izi serivisi zikirimo ikintu cyo kwitinya.
Ibyo abamagana iri tegeko bashingiraho
Hari abaturage batanze ibitekerezo muri bo hari uruhande rw’abamaganiye kure iri tegeko.
Uwitwa Benimana yagize ati “Kugeza ubu nta tegeko rihana umwana wafatiwe mu busambanyi cyangwa mu bikorwa byo kwiyandarika, ahubwo usanga ibihano bireba aho yafatiwe, cyangwa uwo basanze bari kumwe iyo we afite imyaka y’ubukure ariko ntabwo amategeko areba uruhare rwa wa mwana muri icyo gikorwa yafatiwemo.”
Yakomeje agira ati “Urugero ku mihanda tuhasanga abangavu bicuruza (indaya) bari munsi y’imyaka y’ubukure, umusinzi nahanyura akararuza kamwe muri utwo dukobwa tuba tumwishinzaho, bizagenda gute?”
Mu 2018, ubwo hazamurwaga amajwi y’abasaba ko abangavu n’ingimbi bakwemererwa guhabwa serivisi zirimo izo kuboneza urubyaro, Kiliziya Gatolika yahise igaragaza ko itewe impungenge no kuba abangavu n’ingimbi bakomorerwa kuri izo serivisi kuko byakongera ubwomanzi n’uburaya.
Icyo gihe Arkiyepiskopi wa Kigali, Antoine Cardinal Kambanda usanzwe ari n’Umuyobozi wa Komisiyo y’umuryango mu Nama y’Abepiskopi Gatolika mu Rwanda yavuze ko kwemerera abataruzuza imyaka y’ubukure kuboneza urubyaro no guha umwanya uburaya n’ubwomanzi.
Icyo gihe yagize ati “Ku ruhande rumwe mfite impungenge ko ibi bigiye kuzatera ubwomanzi n’uburaya, muri iki gihe turugarijwe. Twe uburyo bwacu ni ubwo kwigisha, kandi nzi neza ko nta muntu n’umwe wifuza gushyingiranwa n’umuntu utaritwaye neza mu buzima bwe akiri muto”.
Iyi ngingo Umukuru w’Igihugu, Paul Kagame nawe yayigarutseho mu Ugushyingo 2019, ubwo yari mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru aho yagize ati “Kuvuga ngo ugiye kubigira ihame noneho ugiye guha abana b’imyaka 15 uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro, mu buryo bw’imitekerereze ni nk’aho umubwiye uti yego birimo imyumvire nk’iyo kuboshya.”
“Usa nk’uwabyoroheje nk’aho umubwiye uti “komeza wikorere ibyo ukora uzarindwa n’uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro”, bifite ubwo butumwa bitanga kandi ntabwo ntekereza ko ari ubutumwa bwiza.”
Yakomeje agira ati “Ariko reka Abanyarwanda bazabiganire turebe, ariko ndumva njye kuvuga ngo dushyigikire ngo abana b’imyaka 15 bajye bahabwa uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro kubera ko hari abo bicika bagatwara inda, ndatekereza ko byateza ikibazo.”
Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko mu bangavu baterwa inda zitateganyijwe, abafite imyaka iri hagati ya 15 na 18 ari 92%. Ni impamvu yahereweho hakorwa uyu mushinga kugira ngo abana bari muri iki cyiciro babashe kubona serivisi zo kuboneza urubyaro.
Norbert Nyuzahayo
